PCI devices now nest under the bridge they sit behind (from each bridge's
secondary..subordinate window), so a controller behind a root port is where
Linux would put it. USB interfaces (1-5:1.0) are directories with class,
number, a driver link and a uevent with INTERFACE= and a MODALIAS, announced
after the drivers have been offered the device and removed before it. The xHCI
driver tells the USB core its PCI address when it comes up, replacing the guess
that bus N was the Nth controller. Devices and root hubs carry version,
bMaxPacketSize0, bNumInterfaces, bmAttributes and the rest; lsusb -t from
Alpine's usbutils now draws the tree.
Checked on q35 with an xHCI behind a pcie-root-port and a USB keyboard on each
controller. Plain lsusb still fails: libusb wants usbfs, and refuses a kernel
that calls itself 0.1.0.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EVRhxi9zpdW2uDUN4FVcao
- tty1-tty12 all run login; the image has only root. /dev/tty7..12 could not
be written (cdev.c knew minors 10-16 only), which sent their jobs into a
restart storm that took the supervisor down; fixed, and stat reports them as
Linux's tty7..12.
- Erasing text at a prompt did nothing: erase_one sent a bare backspace, which
only moves; it and the echo path now send back-blank-back through vt_feed.
- A white cursor block was left at the end of every line of a verbose boot:
a line feed at the bottom scrolls the pixels, cursor included, and the
cursor was erased after the scroll. It comes off first now. A blank cell is
also marked dirty, which it was not.
- ldlsd died with a general protection fault on real hardware in its variadic
log function: Linux module code calls with an 8-byte-aligned stack and an
unset %al, and the prologue's movaps faults. LDLS guest code is built with
-mstackrealign.
- make iso took over a minute for any change, because staging r8169 rewrote
the same files and every mtime moved; it now replaces files only if their
contents differ (about 10 s).
- The loader's splash is redrawn in the boot manager's style, and the boot
manager shows its cursor whenever a pointer device exists.
- xf86-input-libinput is out of the image again: with it Xorg took both
keyboard and pointer from libinput and, on the user's laptop, neither worked.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EVRhxi9zpdW2uDUN4FVcao
Alpine's libinput, libseat, seatd, xf86-input-libinput and usbutils join the
image, and seatd runs from schinit. libinput lists the keyboard and pointer as
an ordinary user, Xorg now drives both through libinput, and a program linked
to libseat running as schos opens seat0 through seatd, is handed
/dev/input/event0 and reads its name through the descriptor.
Two kernel bugs stood in the way, and both would have stopped a Wayland
compositor too. The socket connect() queues for a listener was allocated with
its domain at zero, so sendmsg refused SCM_RIGHTS on the accepted end: a server
could receive descriptors and never send one. And sendmsg treated a control
buffer longer than its messages as an error, where Linux takes a following
header too short to be one as the end; seatd passes a zeroed CMSG_SPACE array
with one descriptor at the front.
Found with /proc/strace and a temporary kinfo in sendmsg's EINVAL sites.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EVRhxi9zpdW2uDUN4FVcao
The kernel now checks owner/group/other on open, create, unlink, rename, exec
and path search; honours set-user-id and set-group-id; restricts kill, mount,
reboot and mknod; keeps supplementary groups; and implements chown. devtmpfs
nodes carry owners and modes that chmod/chown keep. Terminals run login, the
image has root and schos, X starts as the ordinary user.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EVRhxi9zpdW2uDUN4FVcao
udevd now starts, reads its rules and listens. Still to come: the sysfs
device tree and writable uevent files so a trigger has something to replay.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01EVRhxi9zpdW2uDUN4FVcao
SDL 3 has no OSS backend and SchOS has no ALSA kernel side, so sound now
goes SDL -> alsa-lib -> alsa-plugins' OSS plugin -> /dev/dsp. That path
found two bugs underneath it:
- ac97: resetting the PCM-out box also clears the descriptor list address,
and nothing set it again. Every stream after the first stop played a
"list" at physical address 0 -- silence -- and ALSA resets before each
stream. If the engine halts at the end of the queue, the run bit is set
again.
- /dev/dsp: SETFRAGMENT, GETFMTS, GETCAPS, SETTRIGGER, GETOPTR and GETODELAY
for the plugin's ring-and-pointer model, and poll(), writable once a whole
fragment fits (ALSA spun at 76% CPU otherwise). speaker-test now plays in
real time at 0% CPU, verified in a recording of QEMU's AC'97.
- /etc/asound.conf: the default device is a plug to the OSS device at 16-bit
stereo 48 kHz, what every SchOS audio driver plays.
Also:
- getstackpcs: each frame link must go up the same stack by less than
KSTACKSIZE. The chain ends at the syscall entry with the user's rbp,
which lbreakouthd uses as a register (-1024); the walk dereferenced it
under the syscall tracer and the kernel panicked inside acquire().
- fb: FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO reports nominal timings, as Linux's efifb does,
instead of zeros, which Xorg's fbdev turned into a 0 Hz RandR mode.
- procdump (Ctrl-P) shows where runnable threads are in user space.
- World: lbreakouthd instead of lbreakout2 (its stk.c passes vsnprintf a
size of 511 plus the prefix length, and Alpine's fortified headers trap on
that), plus curl, alsa-lib and alsa-plugins.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01S1giNvrHTrPMPw7V6x1kQ4
- /dev/ptmx and /dev/pts/N: Unix98 pairs with a full line discipline,
window sizes, job control and hangup (kernel/dev/pty.c).
- The console speaks scroll regions, insert/delete line, SU/SD, RI/IND/NEL,
DECSC/DECRC; swallows charset designations and private CSI sequences;
and LF only returns the carriage under ONLCR.
- setsid() drops the controlling terminal, so a pane's pty becomes its ctty.
- pipe2() honours O_NONBLOCK and O_CLOEXEC (libevent's signal pipe).
- File modes are stored and enforced: chmod, fchmod(at), umask, creation
modes; /tmp is 1777.
- /proc/stat has real user/system/idle; /proc/<pid>/task; kthread flag.
- SO_PEERCRED, IOV_MAX 1024.
- /proc/strace: name a program and its syscalls go to the kernel log.
- World gains htop, btop, tmux, mc, ncdu, fastfetch, games, X toys, NetSurf.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01S1giNvrHTrPMPw7V6x1kQ4
SCFF, the SchOS Compressed File Format (include/fs/scff.h), is a block
image cut into 128 KB chunks, each its own zstd frame, behind an index.
tools/mkscff writes it from fs-ram.img on every core (-19, 11 s) and
checks each chunk decompresses to itself. The kernel carries the .scff
as its ramdisk and unpacks a chunk the first time a block in it is
read; zero blocks share one page. The kernel and the ISO are the
compressed size, and the root costs memory only for what is touched.
See docs/architecture/scff.md.
zstd 1.5.7 comes from ports/zstd like uACPI: the decoder is compiled
into the kernel at -O2, with a static context and a 64 KB stack of its
own, and mkscff builds the whole library from the same release.
world now has xorg-server, the fbdev and evdev drivers, xinit, Window
Maker, xterm and DejaVu, and /root/.xinitrc runs wmaker. That root is
358 MB, 102 MB as SCFF.
The ISO no longer carries the root a third time as an ISO 9660 tree,
which nothing read. schos.iso: 1389 MB -> 318 MB. El Torito keeps its
own copy of the EFI image, the layout real machines have booted.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01S1giNvrHTrPMPw7V6x1kQ4
make aroot builds a SchFS root from Alpine's minirootfs, the packages
ports/alpine/world lists, and SchOS itself as the signed apk package
schos-base, in its own repository inside the root. apk add installs from
Alpine; apk upgrade updates both. Booted: zsh is Alpine's, apk update
sees 28669 packages, apk add htop works, and so does xorg-server.
world.lock pins every package with its sha256; a build fetches only what
dist/alpine/ lacks and never looks for newer versions. make alpine-lock
is the one step that does.
Alpine's zsh, busybox commands and hwdata replace SchOS's copies; SchOS
keeps its own tools, toybox's other commands, and static mksh, which
schinit's recovery shell now tries first.
Also: the dependency-file include matched Alpine's usr/lib/sysctl.d, a
directory, and stopped every make. See docs/plan/alpine.md.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01S1giNvrHTrPMPw7V6x1kQ4
