SchOS/kernel/dev/cdev.c
Nexoniarz 66152ad2f2 Give userspace a raw disk: /dev/hda and /dev/hdb
Nothing outside the kernel could touch a disk. sys_mount does not even
look at the device it is handed -- it mounts the one SchFS volume found
at boot and ignores `source` -- so a program had no way to read a
partition table, format a volume or write a boot sector. An installer is
a program that needs all three, so this is the first piece of it.

A character device in devsw rather than a separate block layer, because
that is where the offset already lives: fileread/filewrite pass f->off
and advance it by what comes back, which is everything a seekable device
needs. The minor is the IDE device number, the same numbering iderw()
uses; two schemes for the same disks would be a bug waiting to happen.

Writes bypass every filesystem above them, which is inherent to a raw
device and why an installer must target a disk it has not mounted.

The nodes are created unconditionally, like every other entry in /dev.
That matters more than it looks: with no node, `echo x > /dev/hdb`
silently creates an ordinary file of that name and appears to work. It
did, and it agreed with itself on read-back; only the host's copy of the
disk showed nothing had been written.

st_rdev was never filled, so every node in /dev reported "0, 0" under
ls -l. Harmless while nothing read it, wrong as soon as something has to
tell two disks apart. Filled with the full Linux dev_t encoding rather
than (major << 8 | minor), which only works while both stay small.

Verified against the host as an independent oracle, both directions: the
guest wrote to /dev/hdb and the host saw those bytes at offset 0; the
host wrote at offset 4096 and the guest read them back with dd skip=.
ls -l now shows 1,1 for console, 2,0 for fb0 and 8,1 for hdb.

Known limit, commented in disk.c: devsw passes the offset as a 32-bit
uint, so a raw disk is addressable to 4 GB. That must be widened before
anyone installs onto a real disk.

bootcheck 108 [ok] with -Fb -Tty -Usb -Sock -Evdev -Ps.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 22:19:40 +02:00

111 lines
3 KiB
C

#include "types.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "param.h"
#include "spinlock.h"
#include "sleeplock.h"
#include "fs.h"
#include "file.h"
#include "x86.h"
#include "errno.h"
extern int consoleread(struct inode*, uint, char*, int);
extern int consolewrite(struct inode*, uint, char*, int);
extern int mouseread(struct inode*, uint, char*, int);
static uint64 rseed = 0x2A99554433221100ULL;
int
nullwrite(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
return n;
}
int
nullread(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
return 0;
}
int
zeroread(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
memset(dst, 0, n);
return n;
}
int
randomread(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
rseed = rseed * 6364136223846793005ULL + 1442695040888963407ULL;
dst[i] = (rseed >> 32) & 0xFF;
}
return n;
}
// /dev/full — reads as an endless run of zero bytes, every write fails with
// ENOSPC. Programs use it to exercise their out-of-disk-space paths.
int
fullwrite(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
return -ENOSPC;
}
int
mousewrite(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
return n;
}
int
memread(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
switch(ip->minor) {
case 1: return consoleread(ip, off, dst, n);
case 2: return nullread(ip, off, dst, n);
case 3: return consoleread(ip, off, dst, n);
case 5: return zeroread(ip, off, dst, n);
case 7: return zeroread(ip, off, dst, n); // /dev/full reads as zeros
case 8:
case 9: return randomread(ip, off, dst, n);
default: return -1;
}
}
int
memwrite(struct inode *ip, uint off, char *dst, int n)
{
switch(ip->minor) {
case 1: return consolewrite(ip, off, dst, n);
case 7: return fullwrite(ip, off, dst, n); // /dev/full: always ENOSPC
case 2:
case 5:
case 8:
case 9: return nullwrite(ip, off, dst, n);
default: return -1;
}
}
struct devsw devsw[] = {
[0] = { 0, 0 },
[1] = { memread, memwrite },
// /dev/fb0 (major 2) — the framebuffer, kernel/dev/fb.c. This used to be
// { nullread, nullwrite }, so writing pixels to it succeeded and did
// nothing.
// The close hook gives the text console its screen back when whatever was
// drawing on the framebuffer exits — see fbclose().
[2] = { fbread, fbwrite, 0, fbclose },
[3] = { mouseread, mousewrite },
[4] = { 0, 0 },
// /dev/tty (major 5) — alias for the console
[5] = { memread, memwrite },
// /proc status files (major 6) — see kernel/dev/procfs.c
[6] = { procread, procwrite },
// /dev/input/eventN (major 7) — raw evdev events, kernel/dev/input.c. The
// minor is the device index, so event0 is the keyboard and event1 the mouse.
[7] = { inputread, inputwrite, inputready, inputclose, inputopen },
// /dev/hdN (major 8) — raw disks, kernel/dev/disk.c. The minor is the IDE
// device number. No `ready` hook: a disk is always ready, which is what
// fileread assumes when one is absent.
[8] = { diskread, diskwrite },
};