SchOS/lib/usys.S
Nexoniarz 14f0e4d0e2 kernel: processes have an environment now, and zsh is the shell
Porting zsh found four defects in the kernel and one in the filesystem. None
of them were about zsh; all of them had been there the whole time.

**exec threw the environment away.** kernel/fs/exec.c wrote a single zero for
envp with the comment "(no environment)" -- not yet, but ever, for every
process. musl has been passing a perfectly good envp to execve (Linux 59, which
SchOS answers) and it was never read. So $TERM was unset, $PATH was whatever
each program invented, and a variable exported in a shell did not survive the
exec meant to carry it. exec() takes an envp, sys_exec reads argument three,
and schinit manifests grew an Environment key. The userland two-argument
exec(path, argv) stays as a wrapper that passes null explicitly -- the raw stub
is execve now, so a short caller cannot leave %rdx holding a stray pointer.

**Which overflowed the kernel stack.** Three pointer arrays, ~1.8 KB, on a
4096-byte stack, under exec -> loaduvm -> readi -> SchFS -> btree. Pid 1 went
down on the first exec. The canary caught it and named the process, which is
what it is for. They live in one kalloc'd page now.

**waitpid returned a bare -1** for both "no children" and "interrupted". musl
reads [-4095,-1] as -errno, so userspace saw EPERM; zsh printed "wait failed:
operation not permitted" and abandoned the rest of /etc/zsh/zshrc. -ECHILD and
-EINTR now. Third time a bare -1 has cost real time -- on a system with no
permission model, EPERM should be read as "a syscall returned -1".

**NVMA was 64.** musl's allocator takes a mapping per size class and does not
release them eagerly, so compinit ran out of slots and got -1, which is EPERM,
which malloc turns into NULL, which zsh reports as "fatal error: out of memory"
-- on a machine with 1000 MB free. 256 slots, and -ENOMEM.

**And a small write to SchFS costs 58 ms.** 200 writes to one open file take
11.75 s; the same to /dev/null take 0.14 s. That is the design stated at the
top of kmount.c -- one transaction group per operation, and a commit is two
flushes and an uberblock -- not a bug. But compdump writes its digest with
thousands of separate prints, so it takes minutes and looks like a hang.
compinit -D, which skips the dump, finishes in 3.6 s. This one is a decision
rather than a fix, so it is written up and left: /etc/zsh/zshrc keeps compinit
switched off and explains exactly why, with the measurements.

zsh runs as /bin/zsh and is the console shell. ZLE works -- arrow keys recall
history through terminfo, $COLUMNS reads the real 160 because TIOCGWINSZ was
fixed, colour and prompt expansion work, startup is 0.14 s. mksh keeps /bin/sh,
so schinit's no-jobs fallback is a different program from the one that could
have failed.

Also fixed while here: AT_CLKTCK was the literal 100 and is USER_HZ; the
extract rule in four ports could move a source tree inside itself when make
re-ran it, which is how zsh's configure came to write modfile=zsh-5.9/... into
config.modules and fail three steps later.

schfs-check passes. Full writeup in docs/history/kernel.md section 14.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VQ7Qx8E1q1M1bbCq8QLHS2
2026-09-12 23:26:50 +02:00

129 lines
2.4 KiB
ArmAsm

#include "syscall.h"
#include "traps.h"
#define SYSCALL(name) \
.global name; \
name: \
mov $SYS_ ## name, %rax; \
mov %rcx, %r10 ;\
syscall ;\
ret
SYSCALL(fork)
.global _xv6_exit
_xv6_exit:
mov $SYS_exit, %rax
mov %rcx, %r10
syscall
ret
SYSCALL(wait)
SYSCALL(pipe)
SYSCALL(read)
SYSCALL(write)
SYSCALL(close)
SYSCALL(kill)
/* The raw stub is execve: three arguments, the Linux shape. exec() is a C
wrapper in glue.c that passes a null environment, so the 2-argument callers
in cmd/ cannot leave %rdx holding whatever happened to be there. */
.global execve
execve:
mov $SYS_exec, %rax
mov %rcx, %r10
syscall
ret
SYSCALL(open)
SYSCALL(mknod)
SYSCALL(unlink)
SYSCALL(fstat)
SYSCALL(link)
SYSCALL(mkdir)
SYSCALL(chdir)
SYSCALL(dup)
SYSCALL(dup2)
SYSCALL(fcntl)
SYSCALL(getpid)
SYSCALL(sbrk)
SYSCALL(sleep)
SYSCALL(uptime)
SYSCALL(vga_sync)
SYSCALL(getmouse)
SYSCALL(lseek)
SYSCALL(reboot)
SYSCALL(shutdown)
SYSCALL(sigfillset)
SYSCALL(sigprocmask)
SYSCALL(sigwait)
SYSCALL(alarm)
SYSCALL(waitpid)
SYSCALL(setsid)
SYSCALL(mmap)
SYSCALL(munmap)
SYSCALL(delete)
SYSCALL(show)
SYSCALL(showstat)
SYSCALL(ftruncate)
SYSCALL(truncate)
SYSCALL(rename)
SYSCALL(symlink)
SYSCALL(readlink)
SYSCALL(getuid)
SYSCALL(geteuid)
SYSCALL(nanosleep)
SYSCALL(mprotect)
SYSCALL(ioctl)
SYSCALL(getcwd)
SYSCALL(arch_prctl)
SYSCALL(set_tid_address)
SYSCALL(set_robust_list)
SYSCALL(futex)
SYSCALL(clone)
SYSCALL(exit_group)
SYSCALL(wait4)
SYSCALL(getgid)
SYSCALL(getegid)
SYSCALL(umask)
SYSCALL(writev)
SYSCALL(readv)
SYSCALL(brk)
SYSCALL(prlimit)
SYSCALL(stat)
SYSCALL(lstat)
SYSCALL(access)
SYSCALL(openat)
SYSCALL(fchdir)
SYSCALL(enable_linux_abi)
SYSCALL(getrlimit)
SYSCALL(setuid)
SYSCALL(setgid)
SYSCALL(getsid)
SYSCALL(dup3)
SYSCALL(pipe2)
SYSCALL(clock_gettime)
SYSCALL(getppid)
SYSCALL(rt_sigaction)
SYSCALL(shmget)
SYSCALL(shmat)
SYSCALL(shmdt)
SYSCALL(socket)
SYSCALL(bind)
SYSCALL(listen)
SYSCALL(accept)
SYSCALL(accept4)
SYSCALL(connect)
SYSCALL(sendto)
SYSCALL(recvfrom)
SYSCALL(sockshutdown)
SYSCALL(socketpair)
SYSCALL(setsockopt)
SYSCALL(getsockopt)
SYSCALL(mount)
SYSCALL(getdents64)
// Attributes and the index over them (SchFS phase 5). setxattr/getxattr/
// removexattr are Linux's; schfs_index and schfs_query are native, because
// asking a filesystem a question has no Linux equivalent.
SYSCALL(setxattr)
SYSCALL(getxattr)
SYSCALL(removexattr)
SYSCALL(schfs_index)
SYSCALL(schfs_query)