SchOS/boot/uefi
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Filename Latest commit message Latest commit date
Nexoniarz 1e52cb591b boot: the loader jumped into the framebuffer, because rbx was not clobbered
Boot died straight after "exiting boot services" with a KVM internal error,
RIP=0x801a5dc5 and RBX=0x80000000 -- the framebuffer base. The bytes at RIP were
0x0C0E13 and 0xD1D5DC: SCH_BG and a grey from the splash's metal gradient. The
machine was executing the picture of itself starting up.

The hand-off to the kernel writes rbx and did not say so:

    "mov %1, %%rbx\n\t"      <- writes rbx
    "jmp *%2\n\t"
    : : "r"(PML4_ADDR), "r"(fb), "r"(entry)
    : "memory");            <- rbx not declared clobbered

With rbx absent from the clobber list the compiler may allocate an input there,
and clang 21 allocated `entry`:

    movq %rax, %cr3
    movq %rcx, %rbx         <- the framebuffer, into rbx
    jmpq *%rbx              <- %2 was rbx, and now holds the framebuffer

Declaring "rbx" forbids the allocation. Verified in the generated assembly
rather than by reasoning: jmpq *%rbx became jmpq *%r14, and the machine now
boots through to schinit: ready.

This had been latent since the loader was written. It worked only because every
compiler that had built it happened to choose a different register, and it
surfaced the first time the binary was relinked with a different clang -- which
only happened because the previous commit fixed the Makefile dependency that had
been leaving the loader stale. A stale artifact hides the bug the fresh one
reveals.

It is also the third time this project has been broken by a register the code
depends on but never asks for: docs/history/kernel.md section 4 (the BIOS
loader passing the framebuffer in EAX by luck) and section 8 (%fs:0 used as
scratch when the ABI reserves it). Written up as section 7b, with the one-line
recipe that settles all three -- read the generated assembly.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01VQ7Qx8E1q1M1bbCq8QLHS2
2026-09-12 18:44:24 +02:00
..
efi.h boot/uefi: choose a resolution with R, the same as the BIOS path 2026-08-10 05:30:03 +02:00
main.c boot: the loader jumped into the framebuffer, because rbx was not clobbered 2026-09-12 18:44:24 +02:00
README.md boot: the BIOS loader is gone 2026-08-11 10:20:28 +02:00
startup.nsh boot/uefi: a working UEFI loader, with one known limitation 2026-08-09 17:13:09 +02:00

UEFI loader

The loader. This directory once existed only so the BIOS path could be moved into boot/bios/ without pretending the split was hypothetical; it is now the only path there is.

See ../README.md for the hand-off contract a loader has to satisfy. The short version: the kernel wants long mode with paging on, its ELF segments placed, a 24-byte-entry E820-shaped memory map, and framebuffer geometry — and it does not care which firmware produced them.

What this will need, in rough order:

  1. A PE/COFF target. clang can emit one directly (--target=x86_64-unknown-windows -fuse-ld=lld-link), so no new toolchain: the same LLVM install already builds every other target here.
  2. The handful of UEFI structures actually used — the system table, boot services, LOADED_IMAGE, SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM, GRAPHICS_OUTPUT. Written from the specification rather than by importing gnu-efi or EDK II, which is both a licence question and a large dependency for something this small.
  3. GetMemoryMap translated into the same 24-byte entries e820.c already parses. Not a second format for the kernel to learn.
  4. ExitBootServices before touching the memory it described.
  5. Graphics Output Protocol for the framebuffer, filling the same VBE_INFO_ADDR structure the kernel reads.

The image goes at EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI on a FAT ESP, which also means the ISO carries a single El Torito EFI entry.