SchOS/projects/schfs-linux/README.md
Nexoniarz 26bca020b6 licence: SchOS is GPL-2.0-or-later, no longer Apache-2.0
Nexoniarz is the sole author and SchOS was never published under
Apache-2.0, so this is a straight relicence. LICENSE is the FSF GPLv2 text,
every first-party SPDX header moves to GPL-2.0-or-later, and NOTICE,
README.md, docs/licensing.md and the site say so. projects/schfs-linux
follows the rest of the tree.

The GPL gives copyleft: a fork has to ship its source. It also lifts the
old "Linux drivers, never" rule, since GPL-2.0-only code combines with
GPL-2.0-or-later. "Or later" leaves room for GPLv3, but one binary still
has to pick one version, so docs/licensing.md now keeps Apache-2.0 and
GPLv3 code out of the kernel to keep Linux code possible there. BSD
4-clause code goes from "avoid" to "no", because the advertising clause
is GPL-incompatible.

LDLS still ships no .ko. That boundary is now project policy rather than
a legal requirement, and ldls.md, devices.md and licensing.md section 6
say so. refmod declares license=GPL, and ldls-check passes (27 checks).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-22 08:48:45 +02:00

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# SchFS
A copy-on-write filesystem, built from the ground up.
SchFS is a modern-shaped filesystem in the tradition of BeFS, ZFS and btrfs: a
copy-on-write B-tree, 64-bit object identifiers, checksummed metadata, and an
extent-based layout. It is written from first principles rather than derived
from an existing implementation.
**Status: early.** The on-disk format works and is exercised by a test suite,
but it is not stable and there is no compatibility promise yet. Do not put
anything you care about on it.
---
## What it is
| | |
|---|---|
| **Copy-on-write B-tree** | Metadata is never overwritten in place. An update writes new blocks and swings a pointer, so a torn write leaves the previous consistent state rather than a half-updated tree. |
| **Objects, not paths** | Everything is a 64-bit object id. Directories are a mapping from name to id, which keeps naming a separate concern from storage. |
| **Checksummed metadata** | CRC32c on every inode and on the superblock, verified on read. Corruption is detected where it happens rather than inferred later from strange behaviour. |
| **Derived free space** | The free map is computed from the allocation tree rather than stored alongside it. There is no second structure to disagree with the first. |
| **Extents** | Contiguous ranges rather than per-block pointers, so a large file costs a small number of records. |
## What it is not, yet
Being honest about this up front, because a filesystem's missing features are
the part that matters:
- **No snapshots.** The B-tree is copy-on-write, which is most of the machinery,
but nothing takes or names a snapshot yet.
- **No journal replay** beyond what copy-on-write gives for free.
- **No extended attributes**, no sparse-file support, no online repair.
- **No format versioning policy.** This is the first thing being fixed — see
the roadmap below — because everything else is harder to change without it.
---
## Roadmap
**1. An on-disk format version, and an upgrade path.** Not optional, and it gets
harder every day it is postponed: the moment an image exists that somebody cares
about, changing the layout means being able to read the old one. The superblock
already carries a version field and a checksum; what is missing is the policy —
a documented meaning for a version bump, a refusal to mount something newer than
the driver understands rather than misreading it, and an explicit upgrade step.
**2. FUSE.** The first Linux implementation is a FUSE filesystem, not a kernel
module. Three reasons, in order of weight: it can be tested with `fsx` and
`xfstests`, which are far harsher than any suite written alongside the code; it
carries no licence entanglement, since libfuse is LGPL and used across a process
boundary; and it can reuse the existing image-building and checking code rather
than reimplementing the format a second time and having the two disagree.
**3. A kernel module.** Only after the format is pinned and FUSE passes
`xfstests`. Writing a kernel filesystem against a format that is still moving is
how you end up maintaining two of them.
---
## Licence
GPL-2.0-or-later, like the rest of SchOS. See [LICENSE](LICENSE).
That also settles the kernel-module question in advance: a Linux module under a
GPL-compatible licence can use `EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL` interfaces and does not taint
the kernel. The FUSE implementation still comes first, for the reason above.